북한의 인권침해 실태와 개선방안

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북한의 인권침해 실태와 개선방안

Ⅰ. 서론 - 연구의 배경 및 목적, 방법 ····················· 1

Ⅱ. 북한체제의 특수성과 인권 실태 ························· 3
1. 북한체제의 특수성 ·············································· 3
(1) 일당 독재체제 ·················································· 3
(2) 유일당 국가체제 ··············································· 3
(3) 통치이념으로서의 주체사상 ································· 4
2. 북한에서의 인권 개념 ········································· 4
(1) 강한 정치성과 계급성 ········································ 5
(2) 집단주의 원칙에 기초한 인권개념 ························· 5
(3) 권리보다 강조되는 의무 ····································· 5
3. 북한 인권의 실태 ··············································· 6
(1) 경제적·사회적·문화적 권리 부문의 인권침해 실태 ···· 7
1) 생존권 ··························································· 7
2) 사회보장권 ······················································ 9
3) 소유권 ··························································· 10
4) 근로권 ··························································· 10
5) 직업선택의 자유 ··············································· 10
(2) 신체적·시민적·정치적 권리 부문의 인권침해 실태 ··· 11
1) 생명권 ··························································· 11
2) 평등권 ··························································· 12
3) 자유권 ··························································· 13
4) 참정권 ··························································· 14

Ⅲ. 북한 인권 개선을 위한 우리의 대응 방안 ·········· 15
1. 대북한 인권외교정책 강화 ··································· 15
(1) 대북한 인권외교정책의 정당성 ····························· 15
(2) 일관되고 지속적인 국가정책 기조로서의 대북인권 정책 수립 ·· 16
(3) 남북교류 및 대북지원 시 북한인권 개선 요구 ········· 16
(4) 북한의 개방·개혁 유도를 통한 북한의 민주화 촉진 ··· 17
2. 북한 인권 개선을 위한 대내적 노력 ······················ 17
(1) 북한인권 정보 역량 강화 - 정부차원의 북한인권기록보존소 설립 ·· 17
(2) 대북한 인권개선을 위한 전문적·독립적 기관 설립 ···· 18
(3) 북한 인권법 제정 ·············································· 19
3. 북한 인권 개선을 위한 국제협력 강화 ··················· 21
(1) 유엔을 통한 북한 인권에 관한 지속적·적극적 문제 제기 ···· 21
(2) 국제 NGO·국내 민간단체 협조 및 지원 ·················· 23
(3) 주요 국가들과의 협력 ········································ 23

Ⅳ. 결론 ································································ 25

【참고문헌】··························································· 27
【참고 사이트】······················································ 28

본문내용

본 연구에서는, 국내의 관련 문헌들을 토대로, 북한체제의 특수성과 북한의 인권유린 실태에 대해 살펴본 후 북한인권 개선을 위한 대북정책의 방향이나 방안들을 제시하였다. 개선방안들은 크게 대북한 외교정책에 있어서의 인권외교정책 강화, 북한인권 개선을 위한 대내적 노력과 국제협력 강화라는 세 가지 측면으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 우선 인권외교정책 강화를 위한 방안으로 일관되고 지속적인 국가정책 기조로서의 대북인권 정책 수립과 경제지원시 인권개선요구 및 북한의 개방·개혁 유도를 통한 북한의 민주화 촉진 방안에 대해 살펴보았고, 두 번째로 북한인권 개선을 위한 대내적 노력으로 북한인권 정보역량 강화(정부차원의 북한인권기록보존소 설립)와 전문적·독립적 국가기관 설립, 북한 인권법 제정의 필요성에 대해 논의해보았다. 마지막으로 북한인권 개선을 위한 국제협력 강화라는 측면에서는 유엔을 통한 북한 인권에 관한 지속적·적극적 문제 제기, 국제 NGO·국내 민간단체 협조 및 지원 그리고 주요 국가들과의 협력에 관해 살펴보았다.